category
bioRxiv
date
Mar 13, 2026
slug
status
Published
summary
1. 揭示超级增强子/沉默子通过Alu插入、培养者基因机制等不同途径形成;2. 发现人类特异性新基因的进化路径;3. 提出调控元件在数亿年进化中复杂作用机制
tags
测序技术
蛋白质进化
type
Post
📄 原文题目
Diverse processes drive the origination and maturation of super-enhancers and super-silencers during a vast evolutionary timescale of the bicistronic gene SMIM45
🔗 原文链接
💡 AI 核心解读
1. 揭示超级增强子/沉默子通过Alu插入、培养者基因机制等不同途径形成;2. 发现人类特异性新基因的进化路径;3. 提出调控元件在数亿年进化中复杂作用机制
📝 英文原版摘要
A central question in molecular genetics concerns how transcriptional regulatory sequences and de novo genes originate and reach evolutionary fixation. In this study, we utilize the human bicistronic gene SMIM45 as a model to analyze the evolutionary trajectories of gene development. This locus comprises several functional units: three enhancers (one featuring an embedded silencer), an exonic silencer that partially overlaps an ORF, a highly conserved ancestral sequence encoding a 68-aa microprotein, and a human-specific de novo gene encoding a 107-aa protein expressed spatiotemporally in embryonic brain tissues. We identify significant disparities in formation mechanisms; for example, the NANOG hESC enhancer originated simply via two Alu insertions that constitute the regulatory element. In contrast, the exonic silencer (ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 13815) originated by a combination of diverse mechanisms, including a "cultivator gene" process of base pair fixation consistent with the Cultivator Model proposed by Li Zhao and coworkers. Consequently, SMIM45 exemplifies novel mechanisms of regulatory element development that occurred over several hundred million years, culminating in the birth of a human-specific de novo 107-aa cistron. The properties of these super-enhancers and super-silencers suggest a complex, intricate regulation of the 107-aa protein in fetal tissues.
- 作者:NotionNext
- 链接:https://tangly1024.com/article/32248bd6-1f96-81ef-80ad-d238dbd53f64
- 声明:本文采用 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 许可协议,转载请注明出处。
相关文章
